Development Control as a Tool for Urban Sustainability in South-Western Nigeria
Keywords:
Sustainable development, urban planning and development control.
Abstract
This paper examines the role of development control as a tool in ensuring urban sustainability in Southwestern Nigeria. The six states in the region were grouped into three (Lagos/Ogun, Osun/Oyo and Ondo/Ekiti). A state was randomly selected from each group. The study focused on the capital cities of three chosen states (Ogun, Osun and Ekiti). Data for the study were obtained from the professionals in the twenty planning agencies operating in Abeokuta (9), Osogbo (5), and Ado-Ekiti (6), respectively. Two professionals were selected from each agency for the interview. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, mean and percentages. In addition, content analysis was used to analyse the legislative tools for controlling physical development. The study found that development control provides appropriate mechanisms for orderliness and sustainable city development. It also established that National Physical Development Plan is a veritable tool for integrating the physical and spatial with the economic and social issues of national development planning. Despite the important role of development control in making cities sustainably functional, its implementation in the southwestern region of Nigeria is confronted with some challenges, which include: inadequate tools and equipment (7.7%), poor funding (7.4%), lack of master plan (6.9%), political interference (6.7%) and lack of data and information (6.6%). In order to achieve urban sustainability, the study, therefore, recommends that development plans should be prepared to channel the growth and development of cities. Also, appropriate development control mechanisms should be put in place and properly implemented not only in the southwestern region but also in all the cities in Nigeria. The planning agencies in charge of development control must properly enforce development control to ensure adequate compliance and guarantee urban sustainability.
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Ajulor, O. V. (2018). The Challenges of Policy Implementation in Africa and Sustainable Development Goals. International Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 3, No 3, 1497-1518
Aluko, O. (2004). The Challenges Towards Achieving Effective Physical Planning in Nigeria. A
Paper presented at the 35th Annual Conference of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners. Theme: Physical Planning and Environmental Management, 74-83.
Aluko, O. (2011). Sustainable Housing Development and Functionality of Planning Laws in Nigeria: The Case of Cosmopolitan Lagos. Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 4, No. 5, 139-150. (http:/www.ccsenet.org/jsd).
Aluko, O. E. (2010). The Impact of Urbanization on Housing Development: The Lagos Experience. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management. Vol. 3, No. 3, 64-73.
Aribigbola, A. (2008). Improving Urban Land Use Planning and Management in Nigeria: The Case of Akure. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Year 3, Number 9, 1–14.
Avogo, F. A. (2015). Assessing The Effectiveness of Physical Development Planning and Control Mechanisms in Ghana: The Experience of Wa Municipality. A Thesis submitted to Planning Department of Planning College of Art and Built Environment, School of Graduate Studies Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Berrisford, S. (2010). Why it is Difficult to Change Planning Laws in African Countries. African Centre for Cities, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
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McLaughlin, J. B. (1969). Urban and Regional Planning: A System Approach. Faber and Faber, London.
Md. Ashiq, U. R. (2016). Urban Sustainability through Strategic Planning: A Case of Metropolitan Planning in Khulna City, Bangladesh. Journal of Urban Management, Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 16-22
Mitchell D. Buxton M. & Budge T. (2004). Assessing the Role of Land Use Planning in Natural Resource Management. TS14 Spatial Planning for Sustainable Development – Policies and Tools. FIG Working Week, Athens, Greece, May 22-27, TS14, 1-15.
Mohammed-Bello, Y. (2010).The National Physical Development Plan: A Veritable Tool for Sustainable Growth And Development in Nigeria. A paper presented to the Sensitisation Round Table on the Preparation of National Physical Development Plan for Nigeria (2010 – 2030) held on Tuesday 16th March 2010 at Jogor Centre, Ibadan Oyo State.
Obabori, A. O., Obiuwevbi, D. A. and Olomu, J. I. (2007). Development Control an Important Regulator of Settlement Growth: A Case Study of Ekpoma, Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology 21(4): 285-291.
Obialo, D. C. (1999). Town and Country Planning in Nigeria. Published by Assumpta Printing and Publishing, P. M. B. 1017, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
Oduwaye, L. (2008). Planning Implications of the Ethnic Structure of Residential Areas of Metropolitan Lagos. Journal of Asian Social Science, Vol. 4 No 8, 129–136.
www.csenet.org/journal.html
Oduwaye, L. (2009). Challenges of Sustainable Physical Planning and Development in Metropolitan Lagos. Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 2 No 1, 159–171. www.ccsenet.org/journal.html
Ogbazi, J.U. (1992). Principles and Practice of Urban and Regional Planning in Nigeria: The planning Process. Mekslink Publishers, Awka
Ogbonna, C. G., Okoye V. U. and Eleazu E. I. (2016). The determinants of squatter development in Southern Aba Region of Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 10(11), pp. 439-450.
Ogundele, F. O., Ayo O., Odewumi, S. G. and Aigbe, G. O. (2011). Challenges and Prospects of Physical Development Control: A Case Study of Festac Town, Lagos, Nigeria. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, Vol. 5(4), 174-178 (http://www.academicjournals.org/ajpsin)
Okoro, H.I. (2014). Physical Development Planning Sub-Components as Veritable Instruments for Ordering Integrated Growth and Sustainable Development in Nigeria. Journal of Integrative Humanism-Ghana, ISSN: 2026-6286, pp. 439-450.
Olajuyin L. O. & Olayiwola L. M. (1985). Problems and Prospects of Development Control: A Case Study of Ile Ife. Journal of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners, Vol. IV and V, 23-32.
Olayiwola, L. M. and Adeleye, O. A. (2006). Town Planning Instrument as a Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction in Nigeria. Promoting Land Administration and Good Governance, 5th FIG Regional Conference, Ghana,
Olujimi A.B. (2009). Planning Standard as Effective Tools for Development Control. A Paper
Presented at Ondo State Ministry of Physical Planning and Urban Development Stakeholders Forum, 23rd – 24th November, pg. 45-52.
Omisore, E. O. and Akande, C. G. (2004). A Coordinated Approach for Resolving Physical Planning
Problems at Local Level: A Case of Ogbomoso Region, Oyo State. A Paper Presented at the 35thAnnual Conference of Nigerian Institute of Town Planners, Theme: Physical Planning Standards and Environmental Management 6th-8th October, pg.65-73.
Onokerhoraye, A. G. and Omuta, G. E. D. (1986). Urban System and Planning: The Benin Social Science Series, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Owei, O. B., Obinna, V. C. and Ede, P. N. (2010). The Challenges of Sustainable Land Use Planning in Nigerian Cities, the Case Study of Port Harcourt. 46th ISOCARP Congress, 1-10.
Oyesiku, K. (1998). Modern Urban and Regional Planning Law and Administration in Nigeria. Kraft Book Limited, University of Ibadan P. O. Box 22084, Ibadan, Oyo State.
Umeh, L. C. and Uchegbu, S. N (1997). Principles and Procedures of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Computer Edge Publishers. A subsidiary of Amazing Grace Printing and Publishing Company, 26 Otasunmi Street, Ejigbo, Lagos.
Ronald A. W. (2000). Environmental Planning for Sustainable Urban Development. A Paper Presented at Caribbean Water and Wastewater Association9th Annual Conference & Exhibition at Chaguaramas, Trinidad, 2 - 6 October 2000.
Saleh, A. and Biswajeet, P. (2017). Sustainable Urban Development in Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Urban Form, B. Pradhan (ed.), Springer International Publishing AG DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-54217-12
Sarkheyli, E., Sharifi, A., Rafieian, M., Bemanian, M. and Murayama, A. (2012). An Investigation of
the reasons for non-compliance with FAR regulations in Tehran. Journal of Cities 29 (2012) 223-233.www.elsevier.com/locate/cities
Thomas D. (2001). The Importance of Development Plans/Land Use Policy for Development Control A Report Prepared for the USAID/OAS Post-Georges Disaster Mitigation Project, Workshop for Building Inspectors, January 15 - 26, 2001.
The Republic of Uganda (2019). Uganda National Physical Development Plan (2018-2040). The Republic of Uganda Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development.
Vivan, E. L., Kyom, B. C. and Balasom, M. K. (2013). The Nature, Scope and Dimensions of Development Control, Tools and Machineries in Urban Planning in Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Environmental Studies Research 1 (1):48-54.
WCED, (1987). Our Common Future, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Weston J. (1997). Planning and Environmental Impact Assessment in Practice. Edited by Joe Weston, Addison Wesley Longman Limited, Edinburgh Gate, Harlow, Essex CM20 2JE, England.
Yakob, H., Yusof, F. and Hamdan, H (2012). Land Use Regulations Towards a Sustainable Urban Housing: Klang Valley Conurbation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 68 (2012) 578 – 589.
Development Control within the Framework of the 1992 Urban and Regional Planning Law. Journal of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners, Vol. XIV, 1-9.
Adedeji, D. and Eziyi, O. I. (2010). Urban Environmental Problems in Nigeria: Implication for Sustainable Development. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa. Vol. 12(1), 124-144.
Adeleye, A. O. and Olayiwola, L. M. (2006). Town Planning Instrument as a Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction in Nigeria. Promoting Land Administration and Good Governance, 5th FIG Regional Conference, Accra, Ghana, TS7.1,1-6.
Adeyemi, S. A. (2016). Development Control Practice in Southwestern Nigeria, an Unpublished Ph. Dthesis Submitted to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Adeyemi, S. A. and Onifade, V. (2019). Multiple Public Agencies in Physical Development,
Implication for Land Use Control in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Journal of Contemporary Urbanology, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Benue State University, Volume 6, No 1, 63-77
Adeyeye, L. A. (2010). Understanding Development Control and Settlement of Dispute. Published by Timade Ventures, Shop F3, Extension, Ife Central Local Government Shopping Complex Lagere, P. O. Box 931, Enuwa, Ile Ife.
Ajulor, O. V. (2018). The Challenges of Policy Implementation in Africa and Sustainable Development Goals. International Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 3, No 3, 1497-1518
Aluko, O. (2004). The Challenges Towards Achieving Effective Physical Planning in Nigeria. A
Paper presented at the 35th Annual Conference of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners. Theme: Physical Planning and Environmental Management, 74-83.
Aluko, O. (2011). Sustainable Housing Development and Functionality of Planning Laws in Nigeria: The Case of Cosmopolitan Lagos. Journal of Sustainable Development. Vol. 4, No. 5, 139-150. (http:/www.ccsenet.org/jsd).
Aluko, O. E. (2010). The Impact of Urbanization on Housing Development: The Lagos Experience. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management. Vol. 3, No. 3, 64-73.
Aribigbola, A. (2008). Improving Urban Land Use Planning and Management in Nigeria: The Case of Akure. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Year 3, Number 9, 1–14.
Avogo, F. A. (2015). Assessing The Effectiveness of Physical Development Planning and Control Mechanisms in Ghana: The Experience of Wa Municipality. A Thesis submitted to Planning Department of Planning College of Art and Built Environment, School of Graduate Studies Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Berrisford, S. (2010). Why it is Difficult to Change Planning Laws in African Countries. African Centre for Cities, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Boamah, N. A., Gyimah, C, & Nelson, J. K. B. (2019). Challenges to the Enforcement of Development Controls in the Wa Municipality. Habitat International, 36 (2012), 136-142
Cooperative Information Network (2016). Administrative and Political Map of Nigeria. Sustainable Advanced Space Technology Applications Laboratory (South-West), Mathematics Building (Ground Floor), Obafemi Awolowo University Campus.
European Commission (2010). Making our Cities Attractive and Sustainable, How the EU Contributes to Improving Urban EnvironmentcLuxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2010ISBN 978-92-79-16298-5(http://europa.eu).ontributba
Fabiyi, O. O. (2006). Urban Land Use Change Analysis of a Traditional City from Remote Sensing Data: The Case of Ibadan Metropolitan Area, Nigeria. Humanity and Social Science Journal 1(1): 42-64.
Fagbohun, P. O. and Odumosu, J. O. (2009). Development Control Method and Strategy in Lagos State: The Need for a New Policy Approach Towards Sustainable Urban Development. The Yaba Journal of Environmental Research 1 (2), 16-31
Federal Government of Nigeria (1992): Nigerian Urban and Regional Planning Law, Decree No. 88 of 1992.
FGN (1992): Nigerian Urban and Regional Planning Law, Decree No. 88 of 1992.
Fawzi M. A. & Monjur M. (2017). Urban Environmental Challenges in Developing Countries: A Stakeholder Perspective: Habitat International, Volume 64 (2017), Pages 1-10, ISSN 0197-3975, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2017.04.002
Gerald, B. (1975). Towns in the Making. Edward Arnold (Publishers). Ltd. 41 Bedford Square,
London
Glasson, J., Therivel, R. & Chadwick, A. (1999). An Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment: Principles and Procedures, Process, Practice and Prospects. UCL Press Limited II New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE.
Hornby, A.S. (2010). Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Sixth Edition, Edited by Sally Wehman. Oxford University Press.
Job, K. N., Grephas, P. O. and Leornard, S. M. (2014). A Study on the Effectiveness of Urban Development Control Instruments and Practices in Eldoret Municipality, Kenya. Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) 5(2): 83-91. www.jeteas.schoarlinkresearch.org, jeteas.scholarlinkresearch.com
Leonard, D. (1987). Effectiveness of the Development Control System for the City of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Working Papers No. 36www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/development/sites/bartlett/files/migrated-file
McLaughlin, J. B. (1969). Urban and Regional Planning: A System Approach. Faber and Faber, London.
Md. Ashiq, U. R. (2016). Urban Sustainability through Strategic Planning: A Case of Metropolitan Planning in Khulna City, Bangladesh. Journal of Urban Management, Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 16-22
Mitchell D. Buxton M. & Budge T. (2004). Assessing the Role of Land Use Planning in Natural Resource Management. TS14 Spatial Planning for Sustainable Development – Policies and Tools. FIG Working Week, Athens, Greece, May 22-27, TS14, 1-15.
Mohammed-Bello, Y. (2010).The National Physical Development Plan: A Veritable Tool for Sustainable Growth And Development in Nigeria. A paper presented to the Sensitisation Round Table on the Preparation of National Physical Development Plan for Nigeria (2010 – 2030) held on Tuesday 16th March 2010 at Jogor Centre, Ibadan Oyo State.
Obabori, A. O., Obiuwevbi, D. A. and Olomu, J. I. (2007). Development Control an Important Regulator of Settlement Growth: A Case Study of Ekpoma, Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology 21(4): 285-291.
Obialo, D. C. (1999). Town and Country Planning in Nigeria. Published by Assumpta Printing and Publishing, P. M. B. 1017, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
Oduwaye, L. (2008). Planning Implications of the Ethnic Structure of Residential Areas of Metropolitan Lagos. Journal of Asian Social Science, Vol. 4 No 8, 129–136.
www.csenet.org/journal.html
Oduwaye, L. (2009). Challenges of Sustainable Physical Planning and Development in Metropolitan Lagos. Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 2 No 1, 159–171. www.ccsenet.org/journal.html
Ogbazi, J.U. (1992). Principles and Practice of Urban and Regional Planning in Nigeria: The planning Process. Mekslink Publishers, Awka
Ogbonna, C. G., Okoye V. U. and Eleazu E. I. (2016). The determinants of squatter development in Southern Aba Region of Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 10(11), pp. 439-450.
Ogundele, F. O., Ayo O., Odewumi, S. G. and Aigbe, G. O. (2011). Challenges and Prospects of Physical Development Control: A Case Study of Festac Town, Lagos, Nigeria. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, Vol. 5(4), 174-178 (http://www.academicjournals.org/ajpsin)
Okoro, H.I. (2014). Physical Development Planning Sub-Components as Veritable Instruments for Ordering Integrated Growth and Sustainable Development in Nigeria. Journal of Integrative Humanism-Ghana, ISSN: 2026-6286, pp. 439-450.
Olajuyin L. O. & Olayiwola L. M. (1985). Problems and Prospects of Development Control: A Case Study of Ile Ife. Journal of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners, Vol. IV and V, 23-32.
Olayiwola, L. M. and Adeleye, O. A. (2006). Town Planning Instrument as a Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction in Nigeria. Promoting Land Administration and Good Governance, 5th FIG Regional Conference, Ghana,
Olujimi A.B. (2009). Planning Standard as Effective Tools for Development Control. A Paper
Presented at Ondo State Ministry of Physical Planning and Urban Development Stakeholders Forum, 23rd – 24th November, pg. 45-52.
Omisore, E. O. and Akande, C. G. (2004). A Coordinated Approach for Resolving Physical Planning
Problems at Local Level: A Case of Ogbomoso Region, Oyo State. A Paper Presented at the 35thAnnual Conference of Nigerian Institute of Town Planners, Theme: Physical Planning Standards and Environmental Management 6th-8th October, pg.65-73.
Onokerhoraye, A. G. and Omuta, G. E. D. (1986). Urban System and Planning: The Benin Social Science Series, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Owei, O. B., Obinna, V. C. and Ede, P. N. (2010). The Challenges of Sustainable Land Use Planning in Nigerian Cities, the Case Study of Port Harcourt. 46th ISOCARP Congress, 1-10.
Oyesiku, K. (1998). Modern Urban and Regional Planning Law and Administration in Nigeria. Kraft Book Limited, University of Ibadan P. O. Box 22084, Ibadan, Oyo State.
Umeh, L. C. and Uchegbu, S. N (1997). Principles and Procedures of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Computer Edge Publishers. A subsidiary of Amazing Grace Printing and Publishing Company, 26 Otasunmi Street, Ejigbo, Lagos.
Ronald A. W. (2000). Environmental Planning for Sustainable Urban Development. A Paper Presented at Caribbean Water and Wastewater Association9th Annual Conference & Exhibition at Chaguaramas, Trinidad, 2 - 6 October 2000.
Saleh, A. and Biswajeet, P. (2017). Sustainable Urban Development in Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Urban Form, B. Pradhan (ed.), Springer International Publishing AG DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-54217-12
Sarkheyli, E., Sharifi, A., Rafieian, M., Bemanian, M. and Murayama, A. (2012). An Investigation of
the reasons for non-compliance with FAR regulations in Tehran. Journal of Cities 29 (2012) 223-233.www.elsevier.com/locate/cities
Thomas D. (2001). The Importance of Development Plans/Land Use Policy for Development Control A Report Prepared for the USAID/OAS Post-Georges Disaster Mitigation Project, Workshop for Building Inspectors, January 15 - 26, 2001.
The Republic of Uganda (2019). Uganda National Physical Development Plan (2018-2040). The Republic of Uganda Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development.
Vivan, E. L., Kyom, B. C. and Balasom, M. K. (2013). The Nature, Scope and Dimensions of Development Control, Tools and Machineries in Urban Planning in Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Environmental Studies Research 1 (1):48-54.
WCED, (1987). Our Common Future, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Weston J. (1997). Planning and Environmental Impact Assessment in Practice. Edited by Joe Weston, Addison Wesley Longman Limited, Edinburgh Gate, Harlow, Essex CM20 2JE, England.
Yakob, H., Yusof, F. and Hamdan, H (2012). Land Use Regulations Towards a Sustainable Urban Housing: Klang Valley Conurbation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 68 (2012) 578 – 589.
Published
2023-10-24
How to Cite
Adeyemi, S. A., Onifade, V. A., Jimoh, H. O., & Akindeju , F. (2023). Development Control as a Tool for Urban Sustainability in South-Western Nigeria. URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING REVIEW, 9(1), 10-24. Retrieved from http://urpr.unilag.edu.ng/article/view/1875
Section
Articles
